Sebin
Varghese
BPH-
III Reg.no.1414728
Thirty Articles in the UDHR
Foreword
It is almost seven decades have passed
since the promulgation of the Universal Declaration of the Human rights (UDHR)
ensued since 10 December 1948 by the United Nations General assembly
resolution, 217 A (III). During this long period the awareness on the Human
Rights have travelled and strengthened the reason of the world on the awareness
of mounting and safeguarding individual and the communitarian Rights and
privileges. Knowledge on Human rights really enhanced the civilization by
descending the reek of annihilations within the Individuals, ethnic groups and
states. Along with this awareness V.K Krishna Iyer speaks in his Book, Human Rights and Human Wrongs that
“Ultimately Humanity has a commitment to history to make Human Rights a viable
reality.” In this assignment I personally make a way to understand the Thirty
Articles proclaimed in the UDHR.
The complete Articles of Thirty are
classified in to four singular categories.
They are;
1.
General (Art. 1 &
2)
2. Civil
and Political (Art. 3 - 21)
3. Economic
Social and cultural Rights (Art. 22 - 27)
4.
Concluding or the
Miscellaneous (Art. 28-30)
The
key theme operating each Article is following;
|
Article
|
Content
|
|
1
|
Freedom
and equality in dignity and Rights of all Human being.
|
|
2
|
Equal
Rights and freedom indiscriminate of caste, colour, language, religion and sex
etc.
|
|
3
|
Right
to life, liberty and Security of Person.
|
|
4
|
Prohibition of
Slavery and Slave trade.
|
|
5
|
Prohibition of
inhuman and cruel torture, degrading treatments and punishments.
|
|
6
|
Right to be
recognized as a person before Law.
|
|
7
|
Equality
before the law and equal protection of Law not in violation of the Declaration.
|
|
8
|
Right to
effective remedy by the competent National tribunal.
|
|
9
|
Prohibition of
arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
|
|
10
|
Right to full
equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial
tribunal.
|
|
11
|
Right to be
innocent until proved guilty and freedom from ex post- facto laws[1].
|
|
12
|
Freedom from
arbitrary nosiness with privacy, family, home and protection of reputation.
|
|
13
|
Freedom to
reside, movement, leave from and return to the country.
|
|
14
|
Right to seek
asylum in other nation.
|
|
15
|
Right to
nationality and freedom to change the Nationality.
|
|
16
|
Right to
marry, found family and equal right up to dissolution.
|
|
17
|
Right to own
property.
|
|
18
|
Right to
freedom of thought, conscience and religion.
|
|
19
|
Freedom of
opinion and expression.
|
|
20
|
Freedom of
peaceful assembly and association.
|
|
21
|
Right to take
part in the government and equal access to public service.
|
|
22
|
Right to social security and free development of
personality.
|
|
23
|
Right to freedom and choice of employment, just
and good setting and wages of work.
|
|
23.A
|
Equal pay for equal work.
|
|
23.B
|
Just remuneration.
|
|
23.C
|
Form and join trade Union.
|
|
24
|
Right to rest and Leisure.
|
|
25
|
Right to live in good health and well-being of
one’s family, himself.
|
|
25.A
|
Right of children to enjoy same protection.
|
|
26
|
Right to education.
|
|
27
|
Right o cultural life of the community, protection
of moral and material interests.
|
|
28
|
Right to have social
and international order.
|
|
29
|
Right to the
duties to the community.
|
|
29.A
|
Limiting one’s
freedom in respect to the other.
|
|
29.B
|
No paradoxical
practice of the Rights and freedom to the United Nations principles.
|
|
30
|
No destructive
operation of the Rights and Freedom are recommended and recognized.
|
Conclusion
Unites Nations declarations are prevailing
and influential in its exegesis extended to the human race at large. It
maintains the universal standard of achievement for all the people and nations[2].
It curtailed and freed from the shackles of genocide, discrimination towards
women, and protection of the rights of refugees etc to augment the holistic
expansion of the human survival. It ascended the theme of human respect to the
heights of apex thoughtfulness mutual acknowledgement. It placed the common man
at the fore front to lead the world ensuing all his potentialities and
aptitudes.
[1] A law that
makes illegal an act that was legal when committed, increases the penalties for
an infraction after it has been committed, or changes the rules of evidence to
make conviction easier. The Constitution prohibits the making of ex post facto law.
